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December 2022; 1 (2) Research ArticleOpen Access

Education Research: Impact of Burnout on Neurology Residents and Research Fellows in Europe

View ORCID ProfileGiovanni Di Liberto, Giuseppina Baldizzi, View ORCID ProfileVanessa Carvalho, View ORCID ProfileLuca Cuffaro, View ORCID ProfileAnna Sauerbier, Lisa Klingelhoefer, View ORCID ProfileNina Vashchenko, Lucia Pavlakova, Anja Sander, View ORCID ProfileMarianne de Visser, Paul A.J.M. Boon, Elena Moro, Claudio Bassetti
First published November 29, 2022, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/NE9.0000000000200035
Giovanni Di Liberto
From the Department of Clinical Neurosciences (G.D.L., G.B.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health (Neurology) (V.C.), Hospital Santa Maria-CHLN, and Centro de Estudos Egas Moniz (V.C.), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Department of Health Sciences (L.C.), Clinical Neurology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo & Carlo, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (A. Sauerbier), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne; Department of Neurology (L.K.), Technical University Dresden, Germany; University Hospital of Neurological Disorders (N.V.), Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; European Academy of Neurology (L.P., A. Sander), Head Office, Vienna, Austria; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (P.A.J.M.B.), Ghent University Hospital, Belgium; Division of Neurology (E.M.), CHU of Grenoble, Grenoble Institute of Neurosciences, Grenoble Alpes University, France; and Department of Neurology (C.B.), Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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  • ORCID record for Giovanni Di Liberto
Giuseppina Baldizzi
From the Department of Clinical Neurosciences (G.D.L., G.B.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health (Neurology) (V.C.), Hospital Santa Maria-CHLN, and Centro de Estudos Egas Moniz (V.C.), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Department of Health Sciences (L.C.), Clinical Neurology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo & Carlo, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (A. Sauerbier), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne; Department of Neurology (L.K.), Technical University Dresden, Germany; University Hospital of Neurological Disorders (N.V.), Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; European Academy of Neurology (L.P., A. Sander), Head Office, Vienna, Austria; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (P.A.J.M.B.), Ghent University Hospital, Belgium; Division of Neurology (E.M.), CHU of Grenoble, Grenoble Institute of Neurosciences, Grenoble Alpes University, France; and Department of Neurology (C.B.), Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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Vanessa Carvalho
From the Department of Clinical Neurosciences (G.D.L., G.B.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health (Neurology) (V.C.), Hospital Santa Maria-CHLN, and Centro de Estudos Egas Moniz (V.C.), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Department of Health Sciences (L.C.), Clinical Neurology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo & Carlo, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (A. Sauerbier), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne; Department of Neurology (L.K.), Technical University Dresden, Germany; University Hospital of Neurological Disorders (N.V.), Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; European Academy of Neurology (L.P., A. Sander), Head Office, Vienna, Austria; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (P.A.J.M.B.), Ghent University Hospital, Belgium; Division of Neurology (E.M.), CHU of Grenoble, Grenoble Institute of Neurosciences, Grenoble Alpes University, France; and Department of Neurology (C.B.), Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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Luca Cuffaro
From the Department of Clinical Neurosciences (G.D.L., G.B.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health (Neurology) (V.C.), Hospital Santa Maria-CHLN, and Centro de Estudos Egas Moniz (V.C.), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Department of Health Sciences (L.C.), Clinical Neurology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo & Carlo, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (A. Sauerbier), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne; Department of Neurology (L.K.), Technical University Dresden, Germany; University Hospital of Neurological Disorders (N.V.), Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; European Academy of Neurology (L.P., A. Sander), Head Office, Vienna, Austria; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (P.A.J.M.B.), Ghent University Hospital, Belgium; Division of Neurology (E.M.), CHU of Grenoble, Grenoble Institute of Neurosciences, Grenoble Alpes University, France; and Department of Neurology (C.B.), Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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Anna Sauerbier
From the Department of Clinical Neurosciences (G.D.L., G.B.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health (Neurology) (V.C.), Hospital Santa Maria-CHLN, and Centro de Estudos Egas Moniz (V.C.), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Department of Health Sciences (L.C.), Clinical Neurology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo & Carlo, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (A. Sauerbier), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne; Department of Neurology (L.K.), Technical University Dresden, Germany; University Hospital of Neurological Disorders (N.V.), Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; European Academy of Neurology (L.P., A. Sander), Head Office, Vienna, Austria; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (P.A.J.M.B.), Ghent University Hospital, Belgium; Division of Neurology (E.M.), CHU of Grenoble, Grenoble Institute of Neurosciences, Grenoble Alpes University, France; and Department of Neurology (C.B.), Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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Lisa Klingelhoefer
From the Department of Clinical Neurosciences (G.D.L., G.B.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health (Neurology) (V.C.), Hospital Santa Maria-CHLN, and Centro de Estudos Egas Moniz (V.C.), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Department of Health Sciences (L.C.), Clinical Neurology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo & Carlo, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (A. Sauerbier), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne; Department of Neurology (L.K.), Technical University Dresden, Germany; University Hospital of Neurological Disorders (N.V.), Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; European Academy of Neurology (L.P., A. Sander), Head Office, Vienna, Austria; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (P.A.J.M.B.), Ghent University Hospital, Belgium; Division of Neurology (E.M.), CHU of Grenoble, Grenoble Institute of Neurosciences, Grenoble Alpes University, France; and Department of Neurology (C.B.), Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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Nina Vashchenko
From the Department of Clinical Neurosciences (G.D.L., G.B.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health (Neurology) (V.C.), Hospital Santa Maria-CHLN, and Centro de Estudos Egas Moniz (V.C.), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Department of Health Sciences (L.C.), Clinical Neurology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo & Carlo, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (A. Sauerbier), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne; Department of Neurology (L.K.), Technical University Dresden, Germany; University Hospital of Neurological Disorders (N.V.), Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; European Academy of Neurology (L.P., A. Sander), Head Office, Vienna, Austria; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (P.A.J.M.B.), Ghent University Hospital, Belgium; Division of Neurology (E.M.), CHU of Grenoble, Grenoble Institute of Neurosciences, Grenoble Alpes University, France; and Department of Neurology (C.B.), Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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Lucia Pavlakova
From the Department of Clinical Neurosciences (G.D.L., G.B.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health (Neurology) (V.C.), Hospital Santa Maria-CHLN, and Centro de Estudos Egas Moniz (V.C.), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Department of Health Sciences (L.C.), Clinical Neurology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo & Carlo, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (A. Sauerbier), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne; Department of Neurology (L.K.), Technical University Dresden, Germany; University Hospital of Neurological Disorders (N.V.), Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; European Academy of Neurology (L.P., A. Sander), Head Office, Vienna, Austria; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (P.A.J.M.B.), Ghent University Hospital, Belgium; Division of Neurology (E.M.), CHU of Grenoble, Grenoble Institute of Neurosciences, Grenoble Alpes University, France; and Department of Neurology (C.B.), Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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Anja Sander
From the Department of Clinical Neurosciences (G.D.L., G.B.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health (Neurology) (V.C.), Hospital Santa Maria-CHLN, and Centro de Estudos Egas Moniz (V.C.), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Department of Health Sciences (L.C.), Clinical Neurology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo & Carlo, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (A. Sauerbier), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne; Department of Neurology (L.K.), Technical University Dresden, Germany; University Hospital of Neurological Disorders (N.V.), Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; European Academy of Neurology (L.P., A. Sander), Head Office, Vienna, Austria; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (P.A.J.M.B.), Ghent University Hospital, Belgium; Division of Neurology (E.M.), CHU of Grenoble, Grenoble Institute of Neurosciences, Grenoble Alpes University, France; and Department of Neurology (C.B.), Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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Marianne de Visser
From the Department of Clinical Neurosciences (G.D.L., G.B.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health (Neurology) (V.C.), Hospital Santa Maria-CHLN, and Centro de Estudos Egas Moniz (V.C.), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Department of Health Sciences (L.C.), Clinical Neurology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo & Carlo, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (A. Sauerbier), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne; Department of Neurology (L.K.), Technical University Dresden, Germany; University Hospital of Neurological Disorders (N.V.), Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; European Academy of Neurology (L.P., A. Sander), Head Office, Vienna, Austria; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (P.A.J.M.B.), Ghent University Hospital, Belgium; Division of Neurology (E.M.), CHU of Grenoble, Grenoble Institute of Neurosciences, Grenoble Alpes University, France; and Department of Neurology (C.B.), Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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Paul A.J.M. Boon
From the Department of Clinical Neurosciences (G.D.L., G.B.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health (Neurology) (V.C.), Hospital Santa Maria-CHLN, and Centro de Estudos Egas Moniz (V.C.), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Department of Health Sciences (L.C.), Clinical Neurology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo & Carlo, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (A. Sauerbier), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne; Department of Neurology (L.K.), Technical University Dresden, Germany; University Hospital of Neurological Disorders (N.V.), Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; European Academy of Neurology (L.P., A. Sander), Head Office, Vienna, Austria; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (P.A.J.M.B.), Ghent University Hospital, Belgium; Division of Neurology (E.M.), CHU of Grenoble, Grenoble Institute of Neurosciences, Grenoble Alpes University, France; and Department of Neurology (C.B.), Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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Elena Moro
From the Department of Clinical Neurosciences (G.D.L., G.B.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health (Neurology) (V.C.), Hospital Santa Maria-CHLN, and Centro de Estudos Egas Moniz (V.C.), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Department of Health Sciences (L.C.), Clinical Neurology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo & Carlo, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (A. Sauerbier), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne; Department of Neurology (L.K.), Technical University Dresden, Germany; University Hospital of Neurological Disorders (N.V.), Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; European Academy of Neurology (L.P., A. Sander), Head Office, Vienna, Austria; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (P.A.J.M.B.), Ghent University Hospital, Belgium; Division of Neurology (E.M.), CHU of Grenoble, Grenoble Institute of Neurosciences, Grenoble Alpes University, France; and Department of Neurology (C.B.), Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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Claudio Bassetti
From the Department of Clinical Neurosciences (G.D.L., G.B.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health (Neurology) (V.C.), Hospital Santa Maria-CHLN, and Centro de Estudos Egas Moniz (V.C.), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Department of Health Sciences (L.C.), Clinical Neurology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo & Carlo, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (A. Sauerbier), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne; Department of Neurology (L.K.), Technical University Dresden, Germany; University Hospital of Neurological Disorders (N.V.), Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; European Academy of Neurology (L.P., A. Sander), Head Office, Vienna, Austria; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (P.A.J.M.B.), Ghent University Hospital, Belgium; Division of Neurology (E.M.), CHU of Grenoble, Grenoble Institute of Neurosciences, Grenoble Alpes University, France; and Department of Neurology (C.B.), Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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Full PDF
Citation
Education Research: Impact of Burnout on Neurology Residents and Research Fellows in Europe
Giovanni Di Liberto, Giuseppina Baldizzi, Vanessa Carvalho, Luca Cuffaro, Anna Sauerbier, Lisa Klingelhoefer, Nina Vashchenko, Lucia Pavlakova, Anja Sander, Marianne de Visser, Paul A.J.M. Boon, Elena Moro, Claudio Bassetti
Neurol Edu Dec 2022, 1 (2) e200035; DOI: 10.1212/NE9.0000000000200035

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Article Information

vol. 1 no. 2 e200035
DOI: 
https://doi.org/10.1212/NE9.0000000000200035

Published By: 
Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology
Online ISSN: 
2771-9979
History: 
  • Received June 2, 2022
  • Accepted in final form October 26, 2022
  • First Published November 29, 2022.

Copyright & Usage: 
© 2022 American Academy of Neurology This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Author Disclosures

    1. Giovanni Di Liberto, MD, PhD*,
    2. Giuseppina Baldizzi, MSc*,
    3. Vanessa Carvalho, MD,
    4. Luca Cuffaro, MD,
    5. Anna Sauerbier, MD,
    6. Lisa Klingelhoefer, MD,
    7. Nina Vashchenko, MD,
    8. Lucia Pavlakova,
    9. Anja Sander,
    10. Marianne de Visser, MD, PhD,
    11. Paul A.J.M. Boon, MD, PhD,
    12. Elena Moro, MD, PhD and
    13. Claudio Bassetti, MD
  1. Giovanni Di Liberto, MD, PhD*,
  2. Scientific Advisory Boards:
    1. NONE

    Gifts:
    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:
    1. NONE

    Patents:
    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:
    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:
    1. NONE

    Consultancies:
    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:
    1. NONE

    Other Activities:
    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:
    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:
    1. NONE

  3. Giuseppina Baldizzi, MSc*,
  4. Scientific Advisory Boards:
    1. NONE

    Gifts:
    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:
    1. NONE

    Patents:
    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:
    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:
    1. NONE

    Consultancies:
    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:
    1. NONE

    Other Activities:
    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:
    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:
    1. NONE

  5. Vanessa Carvalho, MD,
  6. Scientific Advisory Boards:
    1. NONE

    Gifts:
    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:
    1. NONE

    Patents:
    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:
    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:
    1. NONE

    Consultancies:
    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:
    1. NONE

    Other Activities:
    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:
    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:
    1. NONE

  7. Luca Cuffaro, MD,
  8. Scientific Advisory Boards:
    1. NONE

    Gifts:
    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:
    1. NONE

    Patents:
    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:
    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:
    1. NONE

    Consultancies:
    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:
    1. NONE

    Other Activities:
    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:
    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:
    1. NONE

  9. Anna Sauerbier, MD,
  10. Scientific Advisory Boards:
    1. NONE

    Gifts:
    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:
    1. NONE

    Patents:
    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:
    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:
    1. NONE

    Consultancies:
    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:
    1. NONE

    Other Activities:
    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:
    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:
    1. NONE

  11. Lisa Klingelhoefer, MD,
  12. Scientific Advisory Boards:
    1. NONE

    Gifts:
    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:
    1. NONE

    Patents:
    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:
    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:
    1. NONE

    Consultancies:
    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:
    1. NONE

    Other Activities:
    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:
    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:
    1. NONE

  13. Nina Vashchenko, MD,
  14. Scientific Advisory Boards:
    1. NONE

    Gifts:
    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:
    1. NONE

    Patents:
    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:
    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:
    1. NONE

    Consultancies:
    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:
    1. NONE

    Other Activities:
    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:
    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:
    1. NONE

  15. Lucia Pavlakova,
  16. Scientific Advisory Boards:
    1. NONE

    Gifts:
    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:
    1. NONE

    Patents:
    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:
    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:
    1. NONE

    Consultancies:
    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:
    1. NONE

    Other Activities:
    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:
    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:
    1. NONE

  17. Anja Sander,
  18. Scientific Advisory Boards:
    1. NONE

    Gifts:
    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:
    1. NONE

    Patents:
    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:
    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:
    1. NONE

    Consultancies:
    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:
    1. NONE

    Other Activities:
    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:
    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:
    1. NONE

  19. Marianne de Visser, MD, PhD,
  20. Scientific Advisory Boards:
    1. NONE

    Gifts:
    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:
    1. NONE

    Patents:
    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:
    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:
    1. NONE

    Consultancies:
    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:
    1. NONE

    Other Activities:
    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:
    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:
    1. NONE

  21. Paul A.J.M. Boon, MD, PhD,
  22. Scientific Advisory Boards:
    1. NONE

    Gifts:
    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:
    1. NONE

    Patents:
    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:
    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:
    1. NONE

    Consultancies:
    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:
    1. NONE

    Other Activities:
    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:
    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:
    1. NONE

  23. Elena Moro, MD, PhD and
  24. Scientific Advisory Boards:
    1. NONE

    Gifts:
    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:
    1. NONE

    Patents:
    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:
    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:
    1. NONE

    Consultancies:
    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:
    1. NONE

    Other Activities:
    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:
    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:
    1. NONE

  25. Claudio Bassetti, MD
  26. Scientific Advisory Boards:
    1. NONE

    Gifts:
    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:
    1. NONE

    Patents:
    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:
    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:
    1. NONE

    Consultancies:
    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:
    1. NONE

    Other Activities:
    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:
    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:
    1. NONE

  1. From the Department of Clinical Neurosciences (G.D.L., G.B.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health (Neurology) (V.C.), Hospital Santa Maria-CHLN, and Centro de Estudos Egas Moniz (V.C.), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Department of Health Sciences (L.C.), Clinical Neurology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo & Carlo, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurology (A. Sauerbier), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne; Department of Neurology (L.K.), Technical University Dresden, Germany; University Hospital of Neurological Disorders (N.V.), Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; European Academy of Neurology (L.P., A. Sander), Head Office, Vienna, Austria; Department of Neurology (M.d.V.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology (P.A.J.M.B.), Ghent University Hospital, Belgium; Division of Neurology (E.M.), CHU of Grenoble, Grenoble Institute of Neurosciences, Grenoble Alpes University, France; and Department of Neurology (C.B.), Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland.
  1. Correspondence
    Dr. Di Liberto dilibertomd{at}gmail.com

Article usage

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